Electrodeposition of Gamma Manganese

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Abstract
Procedures are given by which electrolytic manganese can consistently be deposited in the flexible gamma form rather than the usual brittle alpha form. With electrolytes containing manganese and ammonium sulfates and free of sulfur dioxide or colloidal sulfur, excellent deposits were obtained on copper cathodes at current efficiencies of 62 to 72 per cent; deposits on stainless steel cathodes were much poorer. The use of colorless ammonium sulfide for purification did not interfere with the deposition of gamma manganese, but the use of yellow ammonium sulfide, unless followed by a further purification step (presumably to remove colloidal sulfur), resulted in only slightly flexible deposits consisting of gamma manganese containing some alpha. Electrolytes containing sulfur dioxide yielded only alpha manganese. Gamma manganese deposits were used successfully as starting sheets for the deposition of alpha manganese.

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