A Fast Technique of Measuring Equilibrium Orbit Warps in the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) at Injection

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Abstract
The difference signals from radial pi induction electrodes located in the eight straight section boxes of the ZGS are used to determine equilibrium orbit warps. A 1 μs, debunched linac beam is injected in the ZGS ring and the eight coasting beam signals are analyzed. Since the effective electrode centers and inflector magnet positions are known, one can obtain orbit positions around the ZGS ring. The zero crossing times of all eight coasting beam bow-tie patterns are entered into our CDC-924A computer. The computer graphically displays orbit warps via CRT terminal. An additional feature to be described is that betatron tunes at injection can be very easily obtained from the coasting beam patterns.