Bivariate stochastic modelling of ephemeral streamflow

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Abstract
Streamflow time series in arid and semi‐arid regions can be characterized as a sequence of single discrete flow episodes or clusters of hydrographs separated by periods of zero discharge. Here, two point process models are presented for the joint occurrence of flow events at neighbouring river sites. The first allows for excess clustering by adding autocorrelated errors to an empirically derived seasonally varying probability of an event and is extended to the case of the joint occurrence of flow events in two catchments. The second approach is to explicitly model the occurrences of clusters of events and the bivariate point process of event occurrences within them at both sites. For the two models, the magnitude of event peaks are assumed to be drawn from continuous distributions with seasonally varying parameters. Rises and recessions in discharge are interpolated between the peaks using regression estimates of hydrographs. The models are fitted to mean daily flows at two sites in Namibia and demonstrated to provide realistic simulations of the hydrology. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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