Self-Release of CLIP in Peptide Loading of HLA-DR Molecules

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Abstract
The assembly and transport of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules require interaction with the invariant chain. A fragment of the invariant chain, CLIP, occupies the peptide-binding groove of the class II molecule. At endosomal pH, the binding of CLIP to human MHC class II HLA-DR molecules was counteracted by its amino-terminal segment (residues 81 to 89), which facilitated rapid release. The CLIP(81–89) fragment also catalyzed the release of CLIP(90–105) and a subset of other self-peptides, probably by transient interaction with an effector site outside the groove. Thus, CLIP may facilitate peptide loading through an allosteric release mechanism.