Wind Effects on Spread of Watermelon Mosaic Virus 1 from local Virus Sources to Watermelon1

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Abstract
Initial infection with watermelon mosaic virus 1 (WMV-1) and final mosaic incidence in 3 southwest Florida watermelon fields were related to the local distribution of virus-infected weeds and the direction of aphid flights into the fields. Initial virus spread was earlier and more extensive to watermelon downwind from virus sources than to watermelon upwind. The final assessment of mosaic distribution was at first harvest at which time mosaic was concentrated near the local sources of virus. Only Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis), Tetraneura hirsuta Baker, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis (Sasaki), Aphis gossypii Glover, and Carolinaea rhois Tissot were detected in flights at the time of first virus transmission to watermelon. Although the important WMV-1 vector Myzus persicae (Sulzer) was not detected at the time, initial mosaic incidence in one of the fields was extensive. A. gossypii and H. pseudobrassicae were found capable of transmitting southwest Florida isolates of WMV-l.

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