Electron-paramagnetic-resonance study of the Mn2+ luminescence center in ZnS:Mn powder and thin films

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Abstract
The number of isolated Mn2+ ions and Mn2+ clusters in ZnS:Mn powder and thin films has been studied using Mn2+ spectra measured at room temperature with an X‐band electron‐paramagnetic‐resonance spectrometer. While the concentration of the isolated Mn2+ ions decreases with increasing Mn concentration, the concentration of the clusters increases. At low Mn concentration, the Mn2+ ion substitutes for the Zn ion in ZnS:Mn in the cubic phase. At high Mn concentrations, where the ZnS powder has a dominant hexagonal phase, the Mn ion still prefers to substitute for Zn in ZnS:Mn at the cubic site rather than at the hexagonal site.