Effect of Hemoglobin Concentration on Swimming Activity of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula in Low Oxygen Concentration

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Abstract
The phototactic swimming activity of pale, red, and carbon monoxide treated Ceriodaphnia quadrangula in low oxygen concentration was studied. The swimming speed was 43.7 .+-. 7.0 for pale and 43.1 .+-. 6.4 cm/min for red animals at 25.degree. C. The total swimming distance attained by animals until final standstill of the antennal movements was constant, approximately 5 m, at 0.1 ml O2/l. At 0.2 ml O2/l. At 0.2 ml O2/l, the red animals swam more than 80 m, whereas pale animals swam only 7 m. An increase in oxygen concentration induced an exponential increase in the swimming distance of pale animals which reached 100 m at 0.9 ml O2/l. The swimming activity of carbon monoxide treated animals in relation to oxygen concentration showed almost the same pattern as that of normal pale animals.

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