MARITIME ECONOMIC SYSTEMS OF THE USSR

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Abstract
Attention of schoolteachers is drawn to the growing significance of the Soviet Union's coastal areas as the USSR interacts increasingly with the world economy. Five sets of maritime-oriented economic systems are distinguished, fronting on the Northern (Arctic) basin; the Western (Baltic) basin; the Azov-Black Sea basin, and the Far Eastern (Pacific) basin, as well as the inland Caspian basin. The four outer basins are characterized in terms of industrial and transport functions. The Northern maritime systems, fronting on the Arctic, are relatively undeveloped except for the western portion (White Sea and Barents Sea), where resource-oriented activities predominate. The Western (Baltic) system features a skilled labor force and the upper stages of manufacturing. The Azov-Black Sea basin accounts for the greater part of the Soviet Union's shipbuilding, coastal recreation, overseas trade and the carrying of foreign goods in Soviet bottoms. The Far Eastern systems are pre-eminent in fishery-related activities, accounting for one-third of the Soviet Union's fish catch. The significance of the Far Eastern systems will grow as the Baykal-Amur rail project opens up new resource areas for export through the Soviet Union's Pacific ports.

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