Adhesion Promoters for the Titanium-Resin Interface

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Abstract
An investigation was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using adhesion promoters to improve the interfacial bond between structural adhesives and titanium. A compound was sought whose molecules contain one functional group that can chemically bond to the titanium surface and another functional group that can chemically bond to the desired adhesive resin. Inasmuch as certain titanium compounds chemically bond to a silica surface via a Sis-0-Ti linkage (the subscript represents a surface atom), it was deemed possible that compounds of silicon can chemically bond to a titanium surface via a Tis-O-Si linkage, where the oxygen originates from the surface oxide layer present on titanium. To verify this postulate, the dry and wet strengths of titanium/epoxy/titanium lap-shear joints were determined, utilizing gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the adhesion promoter. The lap-shear joints using gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were found to be approximately 25% stronger dry and more than 50% stronger after water exposure, than joints prepared utilizing standard surface treatments. It may be inferred that similar improvements can be expected utilizing suitable organosilane compounds as adhesion promoters for bonding titanium with polyester, phenolic and other thermo-setting resins.

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