The trend of imported malaria cases in Italy from 1960 to 1988 is discussed. Comparative analysis of its incidence in the last three years is also presented. Since 1985, a rapid increase has been recorded with 191 cases in 1986, 287 in 1987 and 350 in 1988. In 1986-88 Plasmodium falciparum has been responsible for 74% of the total number, followed by P. vivax (21%), P. malariae (2%) and P. ovale (1%). 86% of the imported cases have been acquired in African countries, 8% in Asia and 3% in South America. As far as travelers categories are concerned workers represent 45.6% of the total population, tourists 36.6%, seamen and aircrew 2.1% and strangers coming from endemic malaria areas and traveling to Italy 15.7%. In 1986, 1987, and 1988 one, two and two deaths, respectively, due to malaria, are reported.