LEUKOCYTE GROUPING. A METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION*

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Abstract
The leucocyte agglutination test used for most leucocyte grouping work suffers two disadvantages bad reproducibility and the so-called agglutination-negative, absorption positive phenomenon. By screening 66 sera containing leucocyte agglutinins against a panel of 100 random leucocyte samples and by taking into account the positive phenomenon, it was possible to select a number of sera which gave similar agglutination patterns. By cross-absorption it could be shown that some of these sera recognized only one antigen. Using these selected sera it was possible to overcome the difficulties mentioned above and to recognize two allelic leucocyte antigens 4a and 4b with a gene frequency for 4a of 0.38 and for 4b of 0.62. Family studies showed that 4a and 4b are inherited as simple Mendelian autosomal co-dominant alleles.