Surface Alloying Using High-Power Continuous Lasers

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Abstract
High power continuous lasers can be used to modify the chemical composition of alloy surfaces to depths ranging from 0.01 to 1 mm. Such coatings exhibit potential advantages over more conventional coating techiliques in terms of the integrity of the coating, the character of the interface between the surface alloy and the substrate, and an increased control over the composition of the coating. The processing conditions used in laser surface alloy ing are selected in order to facilitate the mixing of the alloying material with molten substrate material. The manufacture of chromium steel suiface alloys on low carbon steel substrates is described in terms of this mixing and the extension of these results to other systems is discussed. Auger and electron microprobe analyses of chromium steel surface alloys have been performed and indicate that a high degree of compositional uniformity can be obtained with proper control of the processing. The various types of metallurgical and morphological structures are described.

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