Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A in the Human Endometrium Is Dependent on the Effect of Progesterone*

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Abstract
The biotin-avidin immunoperoxidase method was used to study pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in the endometrium of 102 pre- or postmenopausalwomen. Endometria in the proliferative phase (n = 27) or early secretory phase (days 1-3 postovulation; n = 12), cystic glandular hyperplasia (n = 12), and postmenopausal endometria of untreated (n = 7) or estrogen-treated (n = 5) women were all PAPP-A negative. By contrast, PAPP-A was invariably present in the endometrium during the normal secretory phase after day 3 of ovulation (n = 28), during cyclic progestogen treatment of premenopausalwomen (n =6), and during estrogen-progestogen replacement therapy of postmenopausal women (n = 5).These results suggest that the occurrence of PAPP-A in the endometrium is progesterone dependent.