Respiratory and Circulatory Responses to Hypoxia in the Lobster Homarus Americanus

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Abstract
Contrary to previous reports, oxygen consumption is maintained over a wide range of external oxygen tensions in the lobster Homarus americanus. In animals acclimated to the experimental conditions this response is mediated by increased branchial pumping, increased effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the gills and an increased contribution by the respiratory pigment to the oxygen delivered to the tissues. Circulatory blood oxygen levels are generally high in lobsters resting in well-aerated water. Mechanisms for detection of hypoxia and possible control mechanisms are discussed.