Deuteron nuclear polarization shifts with realistic potentials

Abstract
We calculate the second-order corrections to the atomic S-level shifts in electronic and muonic deuterium due to virtual excitations of the deuteron using wave functions from realistic potentials. Common approximations like the long-wavelength limit or the closure approximation are avoided by integrating over the inelastic structure functions of the deuteron with specified weight functions. Transverse excitations are also included consistently. We estimate the potential dependence of our numerical results to be less than 2%.