Variable Responses of Soybeans to Mixtures of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide

Abstract
Foliar injury and shoot fresh weight responses of soybeans (Glycine max L.) ‘Lee 68’ and ‘Dare’ exposed to mixtures of ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were greater than additive (synergistic), less than additive (antagonistic), or additive. The result depended on the concentrations of O3 and SO2, the exposure duration, and the amount of injury caused by each gas singly. Synergism usually occurred when injury from O3 or SO2 singly was slight to moderate. Antagonism usually occurred when injury from either gas singly was severe. In many cases of antagonism, the injury and fresh weight effects of the mixture were less than those from SO2 alone, suggesting that O3 can sometimes protect soybeans from SO2.

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