Symbiontic Interrelationships Between Microbes and Ambrosia Beetles. VI. Amino Acid Composition of Ectosymbiotic Fungi of Xyleborus ferrugineus1,2

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Abstract
The ambrosial fungi, Fusarium solani, Cephalosporium sp., and Graphium sp., mutualistically associated with Xyleborus ferrugineus (F.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) are rich in amino acids. Thirty to 32 acids were identified, but at least 10 other unknowns were detected. Of the free amino acids, alanine was the most abundant in F. solani and Cephalosporium sp.; alanine and glutamic acid were equally abundant in Graphium sp. Taurine, glutamic acid, and arginine were secondary only to alanine in F. solani . The quantity of glutamic acid in Cephalosporium sp. was secondary only to that of alanine. Arginine and aspartic acid were other major acids in Graphium sp. Protein-bound amino acids were high in concentrations of leucine, lysine, threonine, valine, alanine, aspartic and glutamic acid, glycine, proline, and serine in the 3 species, with Graphium sp. having about 1.5–2.0 times that of the other 2 species. F. solani had a high content of δ-amino-n-butyric acid. There was little change in total amino acid content or components between 5-, 10-, and 15-day-old F. solani .

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