Validation of data on demand and need for dental treatment in an elderly population

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Abstract
The present paper intended (1) to validate some key variables employed in a survey of a representative sample of 241 persons aged 65-79 in Troms in Northern Norway, and (2) to discuss aspects of social policy related to dental programs for pensioners. The participants were asked questions focused on potential demand for dental services, and oral problems. Treatment need was assessed professionally. It was explained to the subjects that pensioners were entitled to dental care at half price, and referral to a dentist was arranged if wanted. Validity was studied in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Using referral as a criterion, the question related to potential demand displayed a sensitivity of only 53%, probably because of the imprecise wording, while the specificity appeared to be 82%. Ninety-five persons reported oral problems. The existing subsidy arrangements operating in a traditional service setting did not seem to cope adequately with this problem group. Treatment need was a sensitive (88%), but not a specific (43%), indicator of oral problems. Viewed socio-politically, these findings may be interpreted as a need for visiting services and for an upgrading of the value of self-assessment. It was concluded that this method of validation provided additional information on the practical usefulness of the test methods employed.