Abstract
The author presents a tutorial review of various kinds of optical phase conjugators using photorefractive materials. These include externally pumped phase conjugators (EPPCs), self-pumped phase conjugators (SPPCs), and mutually pumped phase conjugators (MPPCs). He briefly describes optical phase conjugation and the photorefractive effect. He also describes wave mixing in photorefractive media. The energy transfer in two-wave mixing and the holographic nature of four-wave mixing are discussed