Molecular Ferroelectricity of Vinylidene Fluoride Oligomer Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy

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Abstract
Nanometer-scale electrical properties of local ferroelectric domains formed in thin films of newly synthesized vinylidene fluoride (VDF) oligomer were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Local poling and observation of the piezoelectric response revealed that the polarized domains were reversibly formed and erased in a nanometer-thick film by applying dc or pulse voltages between the electrically conductive AFM tip and the bottom electrode. The formed domain size depends on the pulse poling conditions and increases when the magnitude and the duration of a pulse voltage are increased. A local domain with a diameter of 65 nm was successfully created. The results in this work are comparable to those of previous studies performed on ferroelectric polymer thin films, suggesting that this material is one of the promising candidates for ferroelectric applications such as high-density data storages, and for molecular controls of ferroelectric properties.