Kinetics of D–xylose absorption in patients with human immunodeficiency virus enteropathy

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Abstract
D‐Xylose absorption was studied in 12 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or advanced AIDS‐related complex who had had diarrhea for more than 8 weeks, averaged an 11% (range, 3% to 21%) body weight loss during the previous 6 months, and had had negative stool examinations for enteric pathogens. Patients were evaluated by duodenal aspiration and biopsy and received both 25 gm oral and 10 gm intravenous doses of D‐xylose. Kinetic analysis of D‐xylose absorption was characterized by an absorption rate constant (ka) and a rate constant (ko) reflecting nonabsorptive loss. Extent of D‐xylose absorption averaged 18.4% ± 9.3% (±SD) in the 12 patients (normal >60%). Percentage of weight loss during the previous 6 months was negatively correlated with ka (r = ‐0.69; p = 0.018) in the 11 patients in whom this parameter was reduced but was not correlated with either ko or extent of D‐xylose absorption. In these patients with human immunodeficiency virus enteropathy, ka was reduced out of proportion to the minor histologic changes present in the duodenal biopsy specimens. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1991) 49, 632–640; doi:10.1038/clpt.1991.80

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