Postpartum evaluation of fetal hydronephrosis: optimal timing for follow-up sonography.

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Abstract
Although intrauterine hydronephrosis can be detected readily by ultrasound, follow-up ultrasound evaluation on the 1st day of life may show a falsely normal-appearing kidney. Three infants in whom subsequent studies confirmed the presence of upper urinary tract obstruction are presented. It is postulated that the normal-appearing kidneys are probably due to a relative state of dehydration during the first 24 h of life and a relatively low glomerular filtration rate. The initial postpartum ultrasound examination apparently should be performed several days after delivery in neonates diagnosed as having intrauterine hydronephrosis.

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