Calcium mobilization into developing seedlings of umbelliferous plants

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Abstract
Calcium mobilization into developing seedlings of several umbelliferous plants including carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Imperator 408), wild carrot (Daucus carota L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. Tall Utah), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. cv. Hollow Crown), parsley (Petroselinum sativum L. cv. Moss Curled), and chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium L. cv. Curled) was investigated with emphasis on carrot and celery. Calcium determinations using atomic absorption spectrometry of carrot and celery embryos obtained from dry mericarps and carrot and celery seedlings collected when the pericarp plus testa plus endosperm remains fell off the seedlings, revealed that some calcium uptake occurred in carrot and possibly celery. It is possible that some of the calcium obtained by the seedlings came from the calcium oxalate crystals but the calcium could also have originated from other calcium sources within the endosperm. Polarized light studies of endosperm remains from carrot, celery, and the other members of the family Umbelliferae investigated, revealed that large numbers of calcium oxalate crystals were present in the endosperm remains after separation from the seedlings. The results of these studies indicate that calcium oxalate crystals are not used extensively as a calcium source during germination and early seedling growth.

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