How Are Macromolecules Transported Across the Capillary Wall?

Abstract
It is generally believed that macromolecules penetrate the capillary wall via mobile plasmalemmal vesicles (transcytosis). However, recent evidence suggests that filtration across rare capillary leaks is the main exchange process for large solutes. Furthermore, diffusion of albumin and other small negatively charged proteins via interendothelial clefts seems to be severely restricted by negative charges of the cleft wall, thus retaining albumin in the circulatory system.

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