Experimental pancreatitis

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Abstract
Given the practical limitations of clinical research in acute pancreatitis, experimental animal models represent the primary means for investigating the pathophysiology of pancreatitis and of initially testing potential therapeutic modalities. Recent studies of pathophysiologic mechanisms have evaluated a number of factors, including possible injurious effects of nicotine on the pancreas, alterations in normal exocrine secretory processes, the role of oxygen-derived free radicals, effects of acute pancreatitis on other organs and physiologic functions, and the contribution of stress to the severity of pancreatitis. Investigations of potential therapies have included cholecystokinin-re-ceptor antagonists, peritoneal lavage with protease inhibitors, prosta-glandin analogues, and drugs that alter pancreatic blood flow and microvascular permeability. In addition, experimental models of pancreatitis are providing insights into mechanisms of pancreatic growth, differentiation, and repair.

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