Abstract
Karyotypes of diploid (2n = 48) and triploid (3n = 72) members of a unisexual–bisexual complex of fish of the viviparous genus Poeciliopsis consist of morphologically uniform acrocentrics, graded in size from large to small, and thus unsuitable for tracing evolutionary pathways within the complex. A comparison of blood samples from diploid and triploid forms showed that the mean diameters of erythrocytes of the triploids are one and one-half times those of diploids. This relationship provides an important tool for easily distinguishing the two types in samples taken from field populations.

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