Innervation of Atrial Stumps in Calves Living with the TNS‐Brno II Artificial Heart

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Abstract
The remnant stumps of the atria in six calves surviving with the artificial TNS‐Brno II methacryiate heart for up to 5 months were examined by means of the Bodian silver‐impregnating technique and by the formalin‐induced fluorescence technique visualizing noradrenaline in monoaminergic nerve terminals. The degeneration of the nerve terminal system detected in animals surviving for 2 days and 1 week was followed by regeneration of the vegetative nerve system in four animals surviving for >1 month. Moreover, thick myelinated nerves afferent in character were detected within the atrium of one animal surviving for 5 months.