Pulmonary Excretion of Carbon Monoxide in the Human Infant as an Index of Bilirubin Production IV. Effects of Breast-feeding and Caloric Intake in the First Postnatal Week

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Abstract
Measurements of the pulmonary excretion rate of carbon monoxide (VEco) as an index of bilirubin production in the first several days of life were taken from 64 breast-fed or bottle-fed infants. Twenty-one infants (≥37 weeks of gestation) were breast-fed; 43 infants (28 to 42 weeks of gestation) were bottle-fed a commercially prepared formula. Information pertaining to their caloric intake during the 24-hour period preceding VECO determination was taken from 38 of the 43 infants who were bottle-fed and they were placed into three groups based on their caloric intake: (1) ≤60 kcal/kg/day (19 infants); (2) 61 to 100 kcal/kg/day (7 infants); and (3) > 100 kcal/kg/day (12 infants). There was no significant difference in bilirubin production between bottle-fed and breast-fed infants. No effect of caloric deprivation on bilirubin production was demonstrated. The mean VECO values were 18.5 ± 0.9 (SE) for group 1, 17.7 ± 1.8 (SE) for group 2, and 16.2 ± 1.1 (SE) µl/kg/hr for group 3.

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