A Pilot Case-Control Study of Gamma-Radiation Sensitivity and Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer

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Abstract
In vitro γ-radiation–induced chromatid breaks per cell (b/c) in lymphocytes may be associated with risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This pilot case-control study involved 106 patients with thyroid disease (57 with PTC and 49 with benign thyroid disease) and 105 cancer-free matched controls. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified that an elevated γ-radiation–induced b/c value was a risk factor for PTC (adjusted odds ratio = 4.54; 95% CI, 2.07–9.95), and a dose-response relationship was evident when the b/c values were categorized into tertiles. High levels of chromatid breaks induced by γ-radiation may constitute an independent risk factor for PTC, but further study is needed.