Steady-State Preferred Orientation of Ice Deformed in Plane Strain at –1°C

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Abstract
Specimens of polycrystalline ice were experimentally deformed in plane strain at a temperature of –1°C, under a constant load and with shortening strains varying from 2 to 27%. The randomc-axis orientation of the initial ice aggregates changes continuously with increasing strain towards a steady-state, small-circle containing two maxima lying about the shortening direction. The ice microstructure is sequentially transformed from undeformed grains to smaller, irregular, deformed grains containing recrystallized grains. Grain growth then occurs forming a coarse interlocking-grain aggregate. These microstructural changes are attributed to solid-state processes occurring during deformation. The previously deformed specimens were then annealed without a load at –1°C. Annealing resulted in a substantial grain-size coarsening. However, noc-axis preferred-orientation difference developed between annealed and unannealed samples.

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