Ultrastructural changes in nuclear membranes and organelle associations during mitosis of the aquatic fungus Entophlyctis sp.

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Abstract
Electron microscopic observations on an endobiotic chytrid, Entophlyctis sp., have revealed a mitotic apparatus which is presently unique among fungi. Daughter nuclear envelopes are reconstituted from cisternae apparently proliferated by the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. Before nuclear division, centrioles replicate and migrate to the poles of the nucleus. Large pores appear at this time in a depression of the nuclear envelope opposite the paired centrioles. This region of the envelope fragments and leaves polar fenestrae as spindle microtubules appear in the nucleus. The inner membrane of the nuclear envelope then invaginates and proliferates cisternae until a layer of inner membrane cisternae lines the original nuclear envelope at late metaphase. Connections between the inner membrane of the original nuclear envelope and the cisternae persist until telophase. As the spindle elongates and the inner membrane cisternae fuse centripetally to form a reticulum around the chromatin mass, the original nuclear envelope opens more at the poles. The reticulum becomes the nuclear envelope of the new daughter nuclei. When the original envelope finally disperses, it is distinguishable from the endoplasmic reticulum only by the presence of pores. Microbodies are consistently associated with the original nuclear envelope and appear adjacent to the new daughter envelopes at the end of telophase. Densely staining arms project from the sides of the primary centrioles toward the polar mitochondria.

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