Immunization of Rhesus Monkeys against Malarial Infection ( P. knowlesi ) with Killed Parasites and Adjuvants

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Abstract
Injn. of formalin-killed Plasmodium knowlesi parasites combined with a lanolin-like substance and paraffin oil containing killed tubercle bacilli modified parasitemia and prevented fatal infection with P. knowlesi in Rhesus monkeys. To prepare the antigen, citrated diseased monkey blood was centrifuged and the sediment was washed in 0.85% saline and suspended in 0.85% saline containing 0.1% formaldehyde. The suspension was kept cold over night and washed 3 times in saline. Conc. vaccine was made by suspending the sediment of the 3d washing in 0.85% saline. After 48 hrs. in the cold the suspension was centrifuged several times and the cell-parasite layer collected. Antigen, paraffin oil and "Falba" were then combined in the proportion of 2:2:1. Each dose was injd. subcut. and the monkeys so vaccinated were injd. intraven. with 2-3 ml. of heparinized blood from an infected monkey which had been made a carrier by treatment with quinine.