Expression analysis of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 in human tissues

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Abstract
Human glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK‐3) is a multisubstrate, proline‐directed kinase that phosphorylates tau, β‐amyloid and neurofilaments. In this study, the expression levels of the two GSK‐3 isoforms, α and β, RNA and proteins in different human tissues were examined. Northern analysis demonstrated that GSK‐3α is encoded by a 2.6‐kb mRNA and GSK‐3β by 8.3‐ and 2.8‐kb mRNAs. The two GSK‐3β mRNA species were variably expressed in different tissues. Northern and quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that both GSK‐3α and GSK‐3β mRNA were prominently expressed in testis, thymus, prostate and ovary but were low in adult lung and kidney. Western blot analysis showed that the 51‐kDa GSK‐3α protein was highly expressed in lung, ovary, kidney and testis, whereas the 46‐kDa GSK‐3β protein was highly expressed in lung, kidney and brain. The differential expression of GSK‐3α and GSK‐3β mRNA and proteins and the lack of relationship between transcription and translation in some tissues indicate that GSK‐3α and GSK‐3β are subject to different means of regulation.

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