Characterization of Gunshot Residues by X-Ray Diffraction

Abstract
The application of X-ray diffraction complemented by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis to the characterization of gunshot residues is reported. Lead in the metallic form is found to be the main constituent of all gunshot residues tested. Several mechanisms are proposed to explain the appearance of lead in the metallic state as well as the formation of gunshot residue.

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