Différenciation des truffes européennes par l'analyse des isoenzymes

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Abstract
Electrophoretic analysis of isozymes was used to characterize and identify some Tuber species. Ascocarps, mycelial cultures and mycorrhizas were studied using 5 isozyme systems (MDH, GPI, NADP-GDH, SOD, ACP). Electrophoresis was carried out on starch gels, Polyacrylamide gels and agarose-polyacryiamide gels. All systems (except SOD) showed a broad intraspecific variability, among ascocarps. However, SOD was homogeneous for a species but heterogeneous between different species. This system can be used to elaborate a biochemical identification key. The statistical analysis indicated a close similarity between some taxa (T. aestivum-T. uncinaturm) but distinguished others (T. brumale-T. moschatum). MDH, GPI, NADP-GDH and SOD patterns for ascocarps and mycelial cultures are similar. NADP-GDH was the only isozyme which could be detected in ectomycorrhizas.

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