Handgrip strength testing: A review of the literature

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Abstract
Testing grip strength is a popular assessment used by occupational therapists in a range of clinical settings. It is fast, easy to perform, reliable and produces a result which is simple to record. Results of grip strength testing have been used to determine a baseline measure of performance against which change can be compared, as well as comparison of results to normative data. This article reviews the literature associated with the measurement of grip strength. It addresses the purposes of grip strength measurement; the instruments used and their reliability and accuracy; the testing position and protocol suggested for use and aspects of these which may influence results; the use of normative data and factors which influence grip strength, including age, gender and occupation; and various methods to determine level or sincerity of effort. Recommendations are made regarding these issues to enable clinicians to conduct grip strength assessments and interpret the results with confidence.