X-Ray Diffraction Intensity of the Two Liquid Phases of Para-Azoxyanisol

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Abstract
Further experiments with greatly improved conditions show that the liquid crystal swarms or groups of molecules at 125°C give an x‐ray diffraction intensity distribution curve which is similar to but not exactly like that of the transparent liquid at 150°C. The former has a greater intensity at the peak, and a narrower peak with a steeper slope on the zero angle side. The group in the liquid crystal, about 106 molecules, does not have the same structure as the very much smaller and less stable cybotactic group in the liquid. The latter does not need to contain more than 25 to 50 molecules to account for the experimental evidence. The liquid crystal swarms may be descriptively regarded as a regimentation of modified cybotactic groups. A new temperature effect is strongly suggested by the apparent orientation of swarms in the liquid crystal with molecular axes perpendicular to the temperature gradient.