An empirical study of smoothing techniques for language modeling

This publication has 18 references indexed in Scilit:

• A hierarchical Dirichlet language model
  Natural Language Engineering, 1995
• On structuring probabilistic dependences in stochastic language modelling
  Computer Speech & Language, 1994
• A comparison of the enhanced Good-Turing and deleted estimation methods for estimating probabilities of English bigrams
  Computer Speech & Language, 1991
• Estimation Procedures for Language Context: Poor Estimates are Worse than None
  Published by Springer Nature ,1990
• A tree-based statistical language model for natural language speech recognition
  IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1989
• Estimation of probabilities from sparse data for the language model component of a speech recognizer
  IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1987
• On Turing's formula for word probabilities
  IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1985
• Estimation of probabilities in the language model of the IBM speech recognition system
  IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1984
• A Maximum Likelihood Approach to Continuous Speech Recognition
  Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,1983
• THE POPULATION FREQUENCIES OF SPECIES AND THE ESTIMATION OF POPULATION PARAMETERS
  Biometrika, 1953