THE ROENTGEN RAYS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF GALL-STONES AND CHOLECYSTITIS

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Abstract
Shortly after the Roentgen rays had proved their value in the diagnosis of urinary calculi, a number of investigators made an effort to demonstrate biliary calculi, and in 1901 I conducted a series of experiments on the cadaver, and repeated them the following year, but discarded the method as being useless and unreliable. The following difficulties are encountered in the diagnosis of gall-stones: Their density differs little from the surrounding bile, and with this shadow of the bile we must reckon the shadow cast by the liver, which is also more or less saturated with bile. If the gall-bladder contains little bile the stones can be more easily demonstrated. If the biliary calculi are composed partially of calcium salts, they can be then more easily detected. Therefore, the greater the quantity of bile surrounding the gall-stones in the gall-bladder, or the liver, and the less the density, the greater

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