Management of Hazardous Waste in the United States

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Abstract
The National Hazardous Waste Survey was used to examine hazardous waste management methods. The methods used to manage industrial hazardous waste were grouped into 16 technological categories. For each category, the types of waste managed, the industry sectors generating the waste and the geographical distribution of management technologies are reported. Since many wastes are managed using a sequence of technologies, the interdependence of waste management methods was also examined. The survey reveals that wastemater treatment processes handle the vast majority of hazardous waste treatment (approximately 730 million tons in 1986). Incineration and waste reuse as fuel were used to manage on the order of 4 million tons in 1986. Geographical distribution of management facilities closely mirrors geographical distributions of waste generation since 96% of wastes examined in this survey are managed on site. However, the geographical distribution of particular management technologies is far from uniform. For example, underground injection is most commonly used in EPA Region VI while waste piles are most commonly used in Region V.

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