Classification System for Beam‐to‐Column Connections

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Abstract
The actual response characteristics of a frame and its connections are nonlinear, and current studies of analysis and design methods aim to incorporate such semirigid concepts into the models. Elements of this approach are incorporated in earlier steel design specifications, through Type 3 connections, and codes in several areas of the world now reflect further refinements of this philosophy. With the large variety of connection types that are used in practice, it is infeasible to utilize the properties of individual connections. The paper develops a scheme whereby connections can be classified in terms of strength, stiffness, and ductility, using tests and theoretical data. Some special cases are also considered, such as connections with softening‐stiffening characteristics, connections with low ductility, and connections with properties that vary as a function of the applied load sense. The classification system is arranged such that new connection types can easily fit into the current data base.

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