Spectral flow and the anomalous production of fermions in odd number of dimensions

Abstract
The relationship between instantons and the index-theory analysis of anomalies is examined in odd-dimensional gauge theories. Consistency of the anomalous production of fermions associated with nontrivial spectral flows of Dirac Hamiltonians and the absence of odd-dimensional anomalies in continuous symmetries is clarified. A new structure of three-dimensional matter is suggested.

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