Electrodeposition of lithium phthalocyanine thin films: Part I. Structure and morphology
- 1 May 1999
- journal article
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Materials Research
- Vol. 14 (5) , 2162-2172
- https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0292
Abstract
A new thin film synthesis route based on the electrochemical oxidation of PcLi2 and deposition of lithium phthalocyanine (PcLi) onto indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate is demonstrated. The effects on the thin film morphology of various parameters such as the electrolysis time, the nature of the solvent, and the oxidation potential are investigated. The thin film growth is studied via x-ray diffraction, potential step experiments, and ex situ scanning electron microscopy. Various morphologies of the x-form thin films are observed for different electrolysis times and solvents. Thin films grown in acetonitrile of thickness above 1 μm consist in unidirectionally oriented needle-shaped crystallites.Keywords
This publication has 31 references indexed in Scilit:
- Dark conductivity in the x and alpha polymorphs of lithium phthalocyanineThin Solid Films, 1998
- Polymorphism in powders and thin films of lithium phthalocyanine. An X-Ray, optical and electron spin resonance studyThin Solid Films, 1996
- Anisotropic spin transport in oriented lithium phthalocyanine thin filmsThin Solid Films, 1994
- Convection and Turbulence Effects in Strongly Driven Electrochemical DepositionPhysical Review Letters, 1994
- The effect of oxygen on phthalocyanine radicals II. Comparative study of two lithium phthalocyanine powder derivatives by continuous and pulsed ESRSynthetic Metals, 1992
- Effect of oxygen on phthalocyanine radicals. 1. ESR study of lithium phthalocyanine spin species at different oxygen concentrationsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1992
- Theory and experimental evidence of electroconvection around electrochemical depositsPhysical Review Letters, 1992
- Polarized reflectance spectra of single crystals of the phthalocyanine radicals NiPc(AsF6)0.5, H2Pc(AsF6)0.67, and LiPcThe Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1991
- A new series of molecular semiconductors: phthalocyanine radicalsJournal of the American Chemical Society, 1987
- Dendritic and Fractal Patterns in Electrolytic Metal DepositsPhysical Review Letters, 1986