Pulse voltammetric methods of analysis

The techniques of normal and differential pulse voltammetry are presented together with equations describing these techniques. A number of specific applications for both differential and normal pulse, including determination of As $^{III}$ in sewage and the determination of sulphide, are presented. Advantages of amperometric titrations in eliminating `background' errors are shown, with the titration of Cu $^{II}$ with EDTA as a specific example. The use of square-wave voltammetry, a new, rapid-pulse technique, is presented, and an application in which this technique is employed in an electrochemical high performance chromatographic detector used for nitrosamine analysis is discussed.