Movement of Vegetated Sand Dunes at Newborough Warren, Anglesey

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Abstract
Sand erosion and accretion changes at 100 sites of partly-vegetated coastal dunes were measured at 2-3 monthly intervals for 3 years. Onshore prevailing winds kept windward slopes bare and these acted as continuous erosion surfaces. Leeward slopes carried sparse Ammophila arenaria and acted as continuous accretion surfaces. Rates of inland movement of mobile dunes varied between 1.5-16.7 m./annum. The zone of maximum sand accretion was 164-183 m to leeward of the crest on the most highly mobile section of the dune ridge. Sand accretion up to 0.9 m/annum was recorded in lee slope Ammophila zones. Ammophila seedlings were absent from zones having accretions more than 15 cm/ annum, and Salix repens from zones having more than 40 cm/annum. Changes in sand level up to 0.4 m occurred in the Ammophila zone in periods of no more than 3 days. Greatest sand movement occurred in May - August in 1952, but in August - November in the 2 following year. Measurements are being continued to record effects of the Forestry Commission''s Ammophila planting in the area.

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