Properties of cell lines derived from altered-cell foci in baby mouse skin cultures

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Abstract
Long‐term cell lines were readily developed from a proportion of either baby mouse skin (BMS) cultures passing through colchicine‐induced crisis or altered‐cell foci selected from BMS cultures exposed to light and/or oxygen followed by colchicine. The developing cell lines behaved as though they passed through a continuing, profound genetic reshuffling process, which was usually lethal but which in some cases eventually yielded a gene set that favored long‐term survival. Some cell lines have passed 120 cell doublings, and none has shown a second crisis or signs of senescence. As soon after isolation as measurement was possible (19–50 days) the cell lines were predominantly or entirely tetraploid or subtetraploid. Although BMS cells and all of the cell lines were density inhibited, the BMS, C14, C21 and C23 cells overgrew (formed colonies on) monolayers of the same cells in most combinations. The cell lines retained a variety of neoplastic morphological characters, although their morphology was more normal than in the original focus. No cell line, however, showed anchorage‐independent growth or formed tumors in syngeneic hosts. The cell lines may all, therefore, be regarded as preneoplastic.