The Structure of Cellulose Produced by Acetobacter xylinum in the Presence of a Fluorescent Brightener. The Influence of Concentration of a Brightener in the Medium on the Structure of Cellulose

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Abstract
The influence of the concentration of a brightener on the structure of cellulose from an Acetobacter culture in the presence of a fluorescent brightener was examined. At a brightener concentration above 0.05 wt%, the X-ray diffraction diagram of cellulose from an incubated medium was observed. Except for the intensity of the diffraction corresponding to the (020) plane of cellulose I, the intensity of diffraction of the (110) plane became very weak and diffraction of the (1\bar10) plane disappeared. A new diffraction, not corresponding to cellulose I or II, occurred inside. The position of each diffraction pattern was constant and independent of the concentration of the brightener. As the brightener concentration of the medium became lower, in the X-ray diagram of the dyed cellulose that was produced, the diffraction intensity of both the (1\bar10) and (110) planes of cellulose I increased, and a new diffraction pattern gradually disappeared. In the case of an extraction of dyed cellulose from an incubated medium with a brightener (above 0.05 wt%), the same result was obtained. The above results suggest that the monomolecular layer of a brightener is included between the (1\bar10) planes of the produced cellulose.