ERADICATION OF THE LITTLE FIRE ANT, WASMANNIA AUROPUNCTATA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE), FROM MARCHENA ISLAND, GALÁPAGOS: ON THE EDGE OF SUCCESS?
Open Access
- 1 June 2005
- journal article
- Published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH in The Florida Entomologist
- Vol. 88 (2) , 159-168
- https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2005)088[0159:eotlfa]2.0.co;2
Abstract
The development of effective techniques to eradicate populations of invasive ant species is crucial to the conservation of native biodiversity. An intensive program was initiated in 2001 to eradicate the invasive little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) from ∼21 ha on Marchena Island in the Galápagos Archipelago. Linear transects, approximately 10 m apart, were cut through the vegetation of the infested area and a buffer zone of 6 ha. Amdro® (Hydramethylnon) was applied manually up to three times in the treatment area at three-month intervals between March and October 2001. To date, five follow-up monitoring surveys have placed sticks painted with peanut butter in a grid 3-4 m apart. Two small populations (0.1% of the area originally occupied by W. auropunctata) were detected in April and October 2002 and were subsequently treated with Amdro®. No W. auropunctata ants were found in May 2003 and April 2004. Five nocturnal surveys carried out in the immediate area of introduction of W. auropunctata did not detect any individuals. Monitoring surveys will continue for an additional two years to ensure eradication of any remaining populations and verify the success of this program. This paper discusses the procedures used to kill W. auropunctata and monitor the efficacy of the eradication methods, the program’s costs, and its applicability to other island ecosystems. El desarrollo de técnicas efectivas para erradicar poblaciones de hormigas invasoras es esencial para la conservación de la biodiversidad nativa. Un programa intensivo fue iniciado en 2001 para erradicar la hormiga colorada invasora Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger), de un área de ∼21 ha en la Isla Marchena, Galápagos. Transectos lineales de aproximadamente 10 m entre cada uno, fueron hechos dentro de la vegetación del área infestada y en una zona de amortaguimiento de 6 ha. Amdro® (Hydramethylnon) fue aplicado manualmente hasta tres veces en el área de tratamiento a intervalos de tres meses entre marzo y octubre 2001. Hasta la fecha, se ha realizado cinco monitoreos para evaluar la eficacia del programa de erradicación colocando palitos pintados con mantequilla de maní en cuadriculas de 3-4 m. En abril y octubre 2002 se detectaron dos poblaciones pequeñas (0.1% del área ocupada originalmente por W. auropunctata) las cuales fueron tratados con Amdro®. No se encontró a W. auropunctata en Mayo 2003 y Abril 2004. Tampoco se encontró a la hormiga de fuego en cinco monitoreos nocturnos realizados en la zona de introducción de la hormiga. Los monitoreos continuarán por dos años adicionales para asegurar que no existen parches de hormigas y para verificar el éxito del programa. En este articulo se discute los procedimientos para erradicar W. auropunctata y para evaluar la eficacia de los métodos utilizados, los costos del programa y su aplicabilidad en otros ecosistemas isleños. Translation provided by the authors.Keywords
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