L'environnement, nouvel obstacle au commerce de produits agricoles et alimentaires

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Abstract
International trade can affect the environment in different ways, such as biological risks and inappropriate use of traded products due to a lack of information. This may justify the introduction of border measures by the importing countries. However, abuse of environmental arguments for protectionist reasons is likely for agricultural products. In particular, non-tariff protectionist measures, eliminated during the preceding Uruguay Round, may be re-introduced through the use of environmental protection. In order to disentangle protectionism from dispositions justified on the grounds of true environmental concerns, we examine notifications of all importing countries of the 5000 products traded at the world level. We find that 30% of world imports of US$ 680 billion that are affected by environmental measures concern agricultural products. Surprisingly, CAIRNS’ members are among those countries imposing the largest number of environmental measures on their imports. JEL Classification : F130 ; F180 ; Q17 ; Q010.

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