Correction for nonlinear photon-counting effects in lidar systems
- 20 November 1993
- journal article
- Published by Optica Publishing Group in Applied Optics
- Vol. 32 (33) , 6742-6753
- https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.32.006742
Abstract
A useful analytic model describing the response of a photon-counting (PC) system has been developed. The model describes the nonlinear count loss and apparent count gain arising from the overlap of photomultiplier tube (PMT) pulses, taking into account the distribution in amplitude of the PMT output pulses and the effect of the pulse-height discrimination threshold. Comparisons between the model and Monte Carlo simulations show excellent agreement. The model has been applied to a PC lidar system with favorable results. Application of the model has permitted us to extend the linear operating range of the PC system and to quantify accurately the response of the system in its nonlinear operating regime, thus increasing the useful dynamic range of the system by 1 order of magnitude.Keywords
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Lidar measurements of the middle atmosphereCanadian Journal of Physics, 1991
- Dead-time effects in photon counting distributionsNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1990
- Dead time effects from linear amplifiers and discriminators in single detector systemsNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1986
- Pulse (photon) counting: determination of optimum measurement system parametersAnalytical Chemistry, 1979
- A computation of secondary electron emission statistics and its application to single electron spectra in photo- and electron multipliersNuclear Instruments and Methods, 1975
- Dead-time problemsNuclear Instruments and Methods, 1973
- Pulse overlap effects on linearity and signal-to-noise ratio in photon counting systemsAnalytical Chemistry, 1972
- Double beam photon counting photometer with dead time compensationAnalytical Chemistry, 1971
- Single-Electron Response of a Porous KCl Transmission Dynode and Application of Polya Statistics to Particle Counting in an Electron MultiplierReview of Scientific Instruments, 1967
- A statistical model for photomultiplier single-electron statisticsNuclear Instruments and Methods, 1966